Injuries from joint locks are due: Ignorance, Ego and/ or Control Ignorance: the defender is unaware of the move, so they defend incorrectly or don’t realize the danger until it is too late Ego: The defender understands the attack but Is unwilling to concede until it is too late Control: When the attacker applies a move with inadequate control they add speed so the defender concedes before they are able to escape. With control the technique can be applied slowly to force the tap