America is too large for the trains.
Aeroplane is way too convenient thinking of time you need to get to the destination absurdly far away.
Japanese train system was developed for the fact that only a fraction of people had cars in the past.
Many had no choice but rely on the train network.
American were dependent on horses and the cars were developed at enormous speed for transport.
So train systems were not a priority for the politicians but swift development of highways.